In 610 AD for the first time a bishop of Rome is called" papa. "The idea came from the Emperor Phocas , who seized power by murdering his predecessor. That criminal act, the bishop of Constantinople excommunicated him Ciriaco, but Foca, in retaliation, he proclaimed "daddy" (ie the head of all bishops) the bishop of Rome, Gregory I say, who, his goodness, he refused a similar title, in the tradition of the Episcopal Church Christian era. However, the next bishop of Rome, that is, Boniface III, agreed to use the title "pope."
In 1870 Pope Pius IX to the Catholic Church requires an absurd privilege that no previous pope had ever dared to claim: that the infallibility 'of the Pope. As it happened, this happened in the same year in which the Church, with the capture of Rome, has definitely lost its temporal power. Almost a "comeback" So, in terms of a claim absolute authority in the spiritual and moral.
That a man can be considered an "authority religious "plus" infallible "It breaks is one of the most ancient Christian faith and teaching of Jesus
Note: The early Christianity was totally opposed to spiritual leaders, the Authority had exercised more or less democratic means to reconcile them. But the original message of Jesus was far more radical: "But you do not you call 'Master', for one is your Master, and all ye are brethren. Do not call anyone on earth your father, for one is your Father, what is in heaven. Do not you call guides, because one is your guide, the Christ ... "Matthew 23:8-10
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