The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland North America (in English: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) is a state in Western Europe. The United Kingdom was formed by a series of Acts of Union that met different countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Much of Ireland seceded in 1922 forming the Irish Free State (now Republic of Ireland), the rest is still under the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland is called. The UK is situated off the west coasts of northern Europe, surrounded on the east by the North Sea, English Channel from the south, and west by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea. They are under the sovereignty of the United Kingdom, Channel Islands, Isle of Man and a large number of overseas territories 
. Britain is the geographical name island comprising England, Wales and Scotland which is often improperly used to consider the entire state. British Isles is the geographical name of the archipelago, including Britain, Ireland, the Isle of Man, Isle of Wight, Orkney, the Hebrides, the Shetland Islands to the Channel Islands and others.
The UK has fourteen territories also left a legacy from the ancient colonial empire as Bermuda, Gibraltar, Pitcairn Islands, the Falkland Islands and the British territories in Antarctica and the Indian Ocean. Queen Elizabeth II is still the queen of 15 members Commonwealth including Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Jamaica.
After the end of the great colonial empires and the decline of its influence in the world, the United Kingdom has remained a great power. Member of the G8, the United Kingdom is a country the most developed of the world, its economy, with GDP estimated at 2.2 trillion dollars, is the fifth in the world and second in Europe. It is the third most populous state in Europe after Germany and France with a population of 60.2 million inhabitants, a founding member of NATO and the UN which is a permanent member of the Security Council with veto power. The UK is one of the greatest military powers the world and has the weapons nuclear.
. Britain is the geographical name island comprising England, Wales and Scotland which is often improperly used to consider the entire state. British Isles is the geographical name of the archipelago, including Britain, Ireland, the Isle of Man, Isle of Wight, Orkney, the Hebrides, the Shetland Islands to the Channel Islands and others. The UK has fourteen territories also left a legacy from the ancient colonial empire as Bermuda, Gibraltar, Pitcairn Islands, the Falkland Islands and the British territories in Antarctica and the Indian Ocean. Queen Elizabeth II is still the queen of 15 members Commonwealth including Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Jamaica.
After the end of the great colonial empires and the decline of its influence in the world, the United Kingdom has remained a great power. Member of the G8, the United Kingdom is a country the most developed of the world, its economy, with GDP estimated at 2.2 trillion dollars, is the fifth in the world and second in Europe. It is the third most populous state in Europe after Germany and France with a population of 60.2 million inhabitants, a founding member of NATO and the UN which is a permanent member of the Security Council with veto power. The UK is one of the greatest military powers the world and has the weapons nuclear.
GEOGRAPHICAL
The United Kingdom comprises the whole island of Great Britain and about one-sixth of the island of Ireland. It 's divided into four nations, known at home as a Home Nations
The only country that borders the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland.
Most of the territory of England is characterized by hills and plains divided from east to west by several chains of hills. From North to South the most important are:
Cumbrian Mountains, the Pennine, the hills of the Peak District, the Cotswolds and the Chilterns. The main rivers are the Thames, the Severn, the Trent, the Humber and the Tyne. Major cities are London, Birmingham, Manchester, Sheffield, Liverpool, Lincoln, Leeds, Bristol and Newcastle upon Tyne.
Wales is mostly mountainous, north-west rise the mountains of Snowdonia to reach the maximum height of Wales with Mount Snowdon, 1,085 meters high. In the central region rise the Cambrian Mountains and south-east of the Brecon Beacons ones. North Wales is the island of Anglesey. The capital and main city of Cardiff is located in the southern part of the country.
The territory of Scotland is characterized by plains in eastern and southern parts of mountains, including Ben Nevis, 1,343 feet, and highlands in northern and western parts. There are numerous lakes and deep fjords. Scotland includes a large number of islands off the western and northern coasts: The Hebrides, Orkney and Shetland islands. The major cities are Edinburgh, Glasgow and Aberdeen.
Northern Ireland in the north-east Ireland is mostly hilly. The largest cities are Belfast and Derry.
The only country that borders the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland.
Most of the territory of England is characterized by hills and plains divided from east to west by several chains of hills. From North to South the most important are:
Cumbrian Mountains, the Pennine, the hills of the Peak District, the Cotswolds and the Chilterns. The main rivers are the Thames, the Severn, the Trent, the Humber and the Tyne. Major cities are London, Birmingham, Manchester, Sheffield, Liverpool, Lincoln, Leeds, Bristol and Newcastle upon Tyne. Wales is mostly mountainous, north-west rise the mountains of Snowdonia to reach the maximum height of Wales with Mount Snowdon, 1,085 meters high. In the central region rise the Cambrian Mountains and south-east of the Brecon Beacons ones. North Wales is the island of Anglesey. The capital and main city of Cardiff is located in the southern part of the country.
The territory of Scotland is characterized by plains in eastern and southern parts of mountains, including Ben Nevis, 1,343 feet, and highlands in northern and western parts. There are numerous lakes and deep fjords. Scotland includes a large number of islands off the western and northern coasts: The Hebrides, Orkney and Shetland islands. The major cities are Edinburgh, Glasgow and Aberdeen.
Northern Ireland in the north-east Ireland is mostly hilly. The largest cities are Belfast and Derry.
TERRITORIAL ORGANISATION
The United Kingdom is one state which includes England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland in the British Isles. The UK also includes some other areas, sometimes in post-colonial regime: Anguilla, Bermuda, British Antarctic Territory, British Indian Ocean Territory, Cayman Islands Falkland (or Malvinas Islands, also called Islas Malvinas), South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands, Gibraltar, Montserrat, Orkney Islands, Isle of St. Helena, Turks and Caicos Islands, British Virgin Islands, military bases of Akrotiri and Dhekelia in Cyprus.
The Isle of Man, in spite of what many people believe, is not part of the United Kingdom but is a direct dependency of the British Crown, and the Channel Islands (Channel Islands) have a similar status belonging to the king ' England as Duke of Normandy. The Orkney and Shetland, however, are just part of Scotland. The United Kingdom's political and commercial relations with many other Commonwealth countries.
The United Kingdom is one state which includes England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland in the British Isles. The UK also includes some other areas, sometimes in post-colonial regime: Anguilla, Bermuda, British Antarctic Territory, British Indian Ocean Territory, Cayman Islands Falkland (or Malvinas Islands, also called Islas Malvinas), South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands, Gibraltar, Montserrat, Orkney Islands, Isle of St. Helena, Turks and Caicos Islands, British Virgin Islands, military bases of Akrotiri and Dhekelia in Cyprus.
The Isle of Man, in spite of what many people believe, is not part of the United Kingdom but is a direct dependency of the British Crown, and the Channel Islands (Channel Islands) have a similar status belonging to the king ' England as Duke of Normandy. The Orkney and Shetland, however, are just part of Scotland. The United Kingdom's political and commercial relations with many other Commonwealth countries.
ORGANIZATION POLICY
The Political System of the United Kingdom is composed of a complex set of parliamentary government, monarchy and democracy coexist in a multiparty system. The Prime Minister is head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government, the legislative both the government and the two chambers of Parliament, the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The judiciary is independent from the executive and legislative.
The system of government of the United Kingdom, known as the Westminster system has been adopted by other countries such as Canada, India, Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Malaysia and Jamaica, which were once part of the British Empire. The Constitution does not
is encrypted and is derived from the constitutional conventions, laws and other sources. Some
pote re
have been devolved to Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
The system of government of the United Kingdom, known as the Westminster system has been adopted by other countries such as Canada, India, Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Malaysia and Jamaica, which were once part of the British Empire. The Constitution does not
is encrypted and is derived from the constitutional conventions, laws and other sources. Some
pote re
have been devolved to Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The chief of the theoretical source of executive, legislative and judiciary branches of the United Kingdom is the British monarch, currently Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom. However, sovereignty no longer resides in the monarch from 1689, the year of approval of the Bill of Rights, which established the principle of parliamentary sovereignty. Nevertheless, the monarch remains head of state, similar in function to a president of a parliamentary republic.
Originally, the monarch had any citizen the right to choose British Prime Minister as his and he could summon and dissolve Parliament when it deemed appropriate. However, according to the current "unwritten constitution", the Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in the House of Commons and the Parliament can be dissolved as soon as it sees fit. The monarch has the power to refuse the royal assent to bills passed by Parliament, this power is not exercised by 1708 and, if implemented today, would cause a serious constitutional crisis. Queen Anne was the last monarch to exercise this power on 11 March 1708, a decree on sending the army in Scotland. The other powers gifts, called royal prerogative shall be exercised by Prime Minister and Cabinet, with the explicit consent of the monarch. Today, the Sovereign
mainly a ceremonial role in the use of limited power to conventions and public opinion. The monarch, however, continues to exercise three essential rights: the right to be consulted, the right to counsel and the right to warn. The Prime Minister held confidential weekly meetings with the monarch.
In formal terms, the Crown in Parliament as the sovereign means in practical terms the political head of the UK is the Prime Minister. However, the real powers of the position of the British monarch in the constitution should not be underestimated. The monarch has some powers to be used but with discretion. He is the necessary role of head of state and, in the absence of a distinct separation of powers and a strong lower house, acts as a final check of executive power. If, hypothetically, the approval of a bill threatening freedom and security of British citizens, the monarch could refuse the royal assent, free from the current political parties. In addition, it would be difficult for Parliament or for the Government to remove the monarch, since he is commander in chief of the armed forces swear allegiance to him.
Originally, the monarch had any citizen the right to choose British Prime Minister as his and he could summon and dissolve Parliament when it deemed appropriate. However, according to the current "unwritten constitution", the Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in the House of Commons and the Parliament can be dissolved as soon as it sees fit. The monarch has the power to refuse the royal assent to bills passed by Parliament, this power is not exercised by 1708 and, if implemented today, would cause a serious constitutional crisis. Queen Anne was the last monarch to exercise this power on 11 March 1708, a decree on sending the army in Scotland. The other powers gifts, called royal prerogative shall be exercised by Prime Minister and Cabinet, with the explicit consent of the monarch. Today, the Sovereign
mainly a ceremonial role in the use of limited power to conventions and public opinion. The monarch, however, continues to exercise three essential rights: the right to be consulted, the right to counsel and the right to warn. The Prime Minister held confidential weekly meetings with the monarch.
In formal terms, the Crown in Parliament as the sovereign means in practical terms the political head of the UK is the Prime Minister. However, the real powers of the position of the British monarch in the constitution should not be underestimated. The monarch has some powers to be used but with discretion. He is the necessary role of head of state and, in the absence of a distinct separation of powers and a strong lower house, acts as a final check of executive power. If, hypothetically, the approval of a bill threatening freedom and security of British citizens, the monarch could refuse the royal assent, free from the current political parties. In addition, it would be difficult for Parliament or for the Government to remove the monarch, since he is commander in chief of the armed forces swear allegiance to him.
Pergamon Journal of Earth Observing 
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